Passage Two

26.According to the passage, how manyuniversities in the United States took part in the study?

A. Four.

B. Three.

C. Five.

D. Six.

27.Why does a lack of sleep cause peopleto gain weight?

A. Becausepeople bum fewer calories when they are awake.

B. Becausepeople feel hungry when they lack sleep.

C. Becausetheir hormones stay unchanged.

D. Becausepeople don’t exercise when they don’t have enough sleep.

28.According to the passage, what is NOT true about the first study?

A. More than1,000 people took part in the study.

B. People whoslept less had higher blood levels of ghrelin.

C. People whoslept more had higher blood levels of leptin.

D. The amountof exercise can influence the result of the study.

29.What is the best amount of sleep forweight control?

A. 8 hours anight.

B. 7.7 hours anight.

C. 7 hours anight.

D. 9 hours anight.

30.Two groups of people are compared inthe third study. They are people_____.

A. with lessthan 5 hours of sleep a night and with 7 to 9 hours of sleep

B. who slept 4hours a night and who slept 4 hours for 2 nights

C. with lessthan 4 hours of sleep a night and with 7 to 9 hours of sleep

D. with lessthan 5 hours of sleep a night and with 8 hours of sleep

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26.A 姝哥磵绺界祼(ji茅)椤�銆傞寗闊充腑鎻愬埌鐨勫ぇ瀛告湁锛歋tanford University,University of Wisconsin, University of Chicago,Columbia University銆傛墍浠ョ編鍦嬫湁鍥涙墍澶у鍙冭垏浜嗚┎闋呯爺绌�銆�

27.B 鍘熷洜绲�(ji茅)鏋滈銆傞寗闊充腑鎻愬埌“Researchers say a lack of sleep can produce hormonal changes that increase feelings of hunger.”锛屾剰鎬濇槸锛氱爺绌朵汉鍝¤缂轰箯鐫＄湢鏈冨皫鑷存縺绱犺畩鍖�锛岄€欑ó璁婂寲鏈冨鍔犻椁撴劅銆傜敱姝ゅ彲浠ユ帹鏂峰嚭缂轰箯鐫＄湢鏈冨皫鑷翠汉鍊戦珨閲嶅鍔犵殑鍘熷洜鏄�“鍥犵偤浜哄€�?n猫i)鐙埼活嚫閭鏈冩劅鍒伴椁�”锛屾墍浠ラ伕 C銆侫 闋呮剰鐐�“鍥犵偤鍦ㄦ竻閱掔殑鏅傚€欑噧鐕掕純灏戠殑鍗¤矾閲�”;C 闋呮剰鐐�“鍥犵偤浠栧€戠殑婵€绱犱繚鎸佷笉璁�”;D 闋呮剰鐐�“鍥犵偤浜哄€戠潯鐪犱笉鍏呰冻鏅備笉閫茶閬嬪嫊”銆�

28.D 鏄潪鍒ゆ柗椤�銆傞寗闊充腑鎻愬埌“researchers…examined information on more than one thousand people.”锛屾剰鎬濇槸锛氱爺绌朵汉鍝¤(di脿o)鏌ヤ簡 l锛�000 澶氫汉鐨勪俊鎭�銆傚洜姝ら伕闋� A“1锛�000 澶氫汉鍙冭垏浜嗚┎鐮旂┒”鏄纰虹殑銆傞棞浜庣涓€娆＄爺绌�锛岄寗闊充腑閭勬彁鍒�“Some peopleslept less than five hours a night. They had fifteen percent higher bloodlevels of a hormone called ghrelin than people who slept eight hours.”锛屾剰鎬濇槸锛氫竴浜涗汉涓€鍊嬫櫄涓婄潯瑕轰笉瓒呴亷浜斿€嬪皬鏅�銆備粬鍊戠殑涓€绋彨鍋氳儍楗戦绱犵殑婵€绱犵殑琛€澹撴渻姣旂潯鐪犵偤鍏皬鏅傜殑浜洪珮鍑� 15%銆傛墍浠ラ伕闋� B“鐫＄湢杓冨皯鐨勪汉鐨勮儍楗戦绱犵殑琛€澹撻珮”鏄纰虹殑銆傞寗闊充腑鎻愬埌“they had fifteen percent less of the hormone leptin.”锛屾剰鎬濇槸锛氫粬鍊�(鎸囩潯鐪犺純灏戠殑浜�)鐨勬縺绱�——鐦︾礌瑕佷綆 15%銆傜敱姝ゅ彲浠ユ帹鏂�“鐫＄湢杓冨鐨勪汉鐦︾礌鐨勮澹撻珮”锛屾墍浠ラ伕闋� C 姝ｇ⒑銆傞寗闊充腑鎻愬埌“The results were notaffected by how much people exercised.”锛屾剰鎬濇槸锛氫汉鍊戠殑閬嬪嫊閲忓苟涓嶅奖闊跨祼(ji茅)鏋�銆傛墍浠ラ伕闋� D“閬嬪嫊閲忚兘澶犲奖闊跨爺绌剁殑绲�(ji茅)鏋�”鏄尟瑾ょ殑銆�

29.B 鏁�(sh霉)瀛椾俊鎭銆傞寗闊充腑鎻愬埌“Researchers found that the best amount of sleep for weight controlis seven-point-seven hours a night.”锛屾剰鎬濇槸锛氱爺绌朵汉鍝＄櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)鎺у埗楂旈噸闇€瑕佺殑鏈€浣崇潯鐪犻噺鐐轰竴鍊嬫櫄涓� 7.7 鍊嬪皬鏅�銆傚洜姝ょ瓟妗堢偤B銆�

30.C 绱扮瘈(ji茅)淇℃伅椤�銆傛牴鎿�(j霉)鍘熸枃鍙煡锛屼締鑷摜鍊瘮浜炲ぇ瀛哥殑鐮旂┒浜哄摗鍋氫簡绗笁闋呯爺绌�銆�“They found that people who got less than four hours of sleep anight…This was compared to people with seven to nine hours of sleep.”锛屾剰鎬濇槸锛氫粬鍊戠櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)涓€鍊嬫櫄涓婄潯鐪犱笉瓒呴亷 4 灏忔檪鐨勪汉……銆傞€欐槸鍜岀潯鐪犵偤 7 鍒� 9灏忔檪鐨勪汉閫茶浜嗘瘮杓�銆傜敱姝ゅ彲鐭ラ€欏叐绲勪汉鍒嗗垾鏄潯鐪犲皯浜� 4 灏忔檪鐨勪汉鍜岀潯鐪犵偤7 鍒� 9 灏忔檪鐨勪汉锛屽洜姝ょ瓟妗堢偤 C銆�

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There are newfindings that people with inadequate sleep are likely to gain weight.Researchers say a lack of sleep can produce hormonal changes that increasefeelings of hunger. In one study, researchers from Stanford University inCalifornia and the University of Wisconsin examined information on more thanone thousand people. The people had taken part in a long-term study of sleepdisorders. Some peopleslept less than five hours a night. They had fifteen percent higher bloodlevels of a hormone called ghrelin than people who slept eight hours. And theyhad fifteen percent less of the hormone leptin. Experts say ghrelin helps makepeople feel hungry; leptin makes you feel full.

The results werenot affected by how much people exercised. People whoare awake longer havemore time to burn energy. But the researchers say loss of sleep may increasehunger especially for high-calorie foods, so people gain weight.Researchersfound that the best amount of sleep for weight control is seven-point-seven hoursa night.Researchers atthe University of Chicago did a smaller study. They found that people who sleptjust four hours a night for two nights had an eighteen percent reduction inleptin. And they had a twenty-eight percent increase in ghrelin. The young menin that study also appeared to want more sweet and starchy foods.Researchers fromColumbia University in New York did a third study. Theyfound that people whogot less than four hours of sleep a night were seventy-three percent morelikely to be overweight. This was compared to people with seven to nine hoursof sleep. The researchers say that for survival, the body may be designed tostore more fat during times with less sleep.