倫敦G20峰會(huì)奧巴馬接受中央臺(tái)記者芮成鋼提問

    G20倫敦峰會(huì)圓滿結(jié)束，我們中央電視臺(tái)經(jīng)濟(jì)頻道G20前方報(bào)道組參加了會(huì)后舉行的千人記者會(huì)。全球媒體現(xiàn)場直播美國總統(tǒng)奧巴馬的演講和問答。我作為中國記者向奧巴馬總統(tǒng)提了兩個(gè)問題，他給出了精彩回答，并與我輕松互動(dòng)，露出燦爛笑容的同時(shí)，幽默且不失深刻，掀起了奧巴馬記者會(huì)的第一個(gè)小高潮，很有意思。

 
    這是奧巴馬就任美國總統(tǒng)以來首次接受中國媒體的提問。

OBAMA: All right. I've got time for just a couple more questions. I'm going to find a journalist here.

奧巴馬：好。我還有時(shí)間再回答幾個(gè)問題。我來挑一個(gè)記者。

(CROSSTALK) （場下記者舉手，不時(shí)發(fā)出喊聲）

 
OBAMA: All right. Here, I'm going to call on this gentleman right here. He's -- he's been very persistent.

奧巴馬：好，我想讓這邊的這位先生提問。他一直非常執(zhí)著。

 
RUI CHENGGANG: Rui Chenggang of China Central Television. It seems the world leaders have been talking about increasing the voice and voting rights of developing countries. I would like to ask two questions instead of just one. First one, on behalf of China...

芮成鋼：芮成鋼,來自中國中央電視臺(tái)。既然全球的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人一直在講要給發(fā)展中國家更多的話語權(quán)和投票權(quán)，那么我就想問兩個(gè)問題而不是一個(gè)問題。第一個(gè)問題是代表中國問的..

環(huán)球英語網(wǎng)?？谧g筆譯網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程

 
OBAMA: I may choose which one I want to answer.

奧巴馬：我可能只選擇其中一個(gè)問題回答。

(LAUGHTER)（奧巴馬笑）

RUI CHENGGANG: of course.

芮成鋼：當(dāng)然可以。

OBAMA: That's always the danger of asking two questions.

奧巴馬：問兩個(gè)問題總是有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的。

 
RUI CHENGGANG: First one, you've had a very fruitful meeting with our President. And during the Clinton administration, U.S.-China relationship was characterized, in Clinton's words, "strategic, constructive partnership." During the Bush era it was -- the catchphrase, quote, unquote, "stakeholder." The Bush administration expects China to -- to become a responsible stakeholder in international affairs. Have you come up with a catchphrase of your own? And, certainly, it is not the G-2, is it?

芮成鋼：首先，您和中國國家主席在此次峰會(huì)上進(jìn)行了成果頗豐的會(huì)談。在克林頓時(shí)期，中美關(guān)系被克林頓概括為“建設(shè)性戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系”。在小布什時(shí)期，（形容中美關(guān)系的）關(guān)鍵詞是“利益相關(guān)者”――當(dāng)時(shí)的布什政府希望中國在國際事務(wù)中擔(dān)當(dāng)負(fù)責(zé)任的利益相關(guān)者。您是否已經(jīng)有了一個(gè)自己的關(guān)鍵詞（來定位中美關(guān)系）呢？那當(dāng)然不會(huì)是所謂的G2，對(duì)吧？

 
And my second question is, on behalf of the world, politics is very local, even though we've been talking about global solution, as indicated by your recent preference over American journalists and British, which is OK. (Laughter.) How can you make sure that you will do whatever you can， so that that local politics will not trump or negatively affect good international economics? Thank you, Mr. President.

我的第二個(gè)問題是代表全世界問的。雖然我們一直在講全球性的對(duì)策，但政治本身卻是非常本土化的，正如您剛才一直優(yōu)先選擇美國和英國的記者提問，不過這倒沒有什么。（奧巴馬笑）問題是，您如何確保糟糕的本土政治不會(huì)干擾或消極的影響到正確的國際經(jīng)貿(mào)往來合作？謝謝，總統(tǒng)先生。

OBAMA: Well, those -- those are excellent questions. On -- on the first question, your American counterparts will tell you I'm terrible with those little catchphrases and sound bites. So I haven't come up with anything catchy yet, but if you have any suggestions, let me know. (LAUGHTER) I'll be happy to use them.

奧巴馬：你問得問題都非常精彩。關(guān)于第一個(gè)問題，你的美國同行們可以告訴你，我最不善于用關(guān)鍵詞或短語對(duì)事務(wù)進(jìn)行概括了。所以（對(duì)于中美關(guān)系）我到目前為止還沒有想到用什么精辟的短語來概括。不過你要是有什么建議，不妨告訴我。（笑）我會(huì)很高興的使用它。

 
In terms of local politics, look, I'm the President of the United States. I'm not the President of China, I'm not the President of Japan, I'm not the President of the other participants here.  And so I have a direct responsibility to my constituents to make their lives better.  That's why they put me in there.  That accounts for some of the questions here, about how concretely does me being here help them find a job, pay for their home, send their kids to college, live what we call the American Dream.  And I will be judged by my effectiveness in meeting their needs and concerns. 

環(huán)球英語網(wǎng)?？谧g筆譯網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程

至于本土政治，你看，我是美國的總統(tǒng)，不是中國的主席，也不是日本首相，我不是參加峰會(huì)各位的首腦。我最直接的責(zé)任是讓我們美國的人民生活得更好，這才是他們選舉我到這個(gè)職位的目的。這也是前面幾個(gè)問題中所提到的，為什么我來這里（參與20國峰會(huì)）能夠幫助美國人民就業(yè)、購買住房、培養(yǎng)孩子上大學(xué)、實(shí)現(xiàn)我們所說的“美國夢”。衡量我的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，就是要看我是否能有效地滿足美國人民的需要和解決他們所關(guān)心的問題。

But in an era of integration and interdependence, it is also my responsibility to lead America into recognizing that its interests, its fate is tied up with the larger world; that if we neglect or abandon those who are suffering in poverty, that not only are we depriving ourselves of potential opportunities for markets and economic growth, but ultimately that despair may turn to violence that turns on us; that unless we are concerned about the education of all children and not just our children, not only may we be depriving ourselves of the next great scientist who's going to find the next new energy source that saves the planet, but we also may make people around the world much more vulnerable to anti-American propaganda.
 

但是在現(xiàn)在這個(gè)各國相互依存相互融合的時(shí)期，我的另一個(gè)職責(zé)就是帶領(lǐng)美國人民認(rèn)識(shí)到：我們國家的利益和命運(yùn)和世界是緊密相連的。如果我們忽視或者放棄那些遭遇貧窮的國家和人民，我們將不但放棄了經(jīng)濟(jì)和市場發(fā)展的潛在機(jī)遇，而且最終失望會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楸┝Φ臎_突反過來傷害我們。如果我們只關(guān)注美國的下一代，而不是全世界所有下一代的教育問題，那么我們將不僅僅會(huì)失去某一個(gè)探索到新能源來拯救地球的偉大科學(xué)家，我們會(huì)使全世界的人民更易于陷入反美的情緒。

So if I'm effective as America's President right now, part of that effectiveness involves holding a -- providing Americans insight into how their self-interest is tied up with yours.  And that's an ongoing project because it's not always obvious.

所以，如果我現(xiàn)在作為美國總統(tǒng)是稱職的，是有作為的，那么部分的作為就將體現(xiàn)在我?guī)椭绹巳ド羁汤斫猓核麄兊睦婧湍銈兊睦媸窍噙B的。這是個(gè)持續(xù)不斷的任務(wù)――因?yàn)樗蝗菀妆蝗死斫狻?/P>

And there are going to be times where short-term interests are going to differ; there's no doubt about it.  And protectionism is the classic example.  You can make arguments that if you can get away with protecting your markets, as long as the other folks don't protect theirs, then in the short term you may benefit.  And it then becomes important not only for me to try to give people a sense of why, over the long term, that's counter-productive, but also it becomes important for me to put policies in place in the United States that provide a cushion, provide support for those people who may suffer local dislocations because of globalization.  And that's something that I think every government has to think about.&n, bsp;    

 
有些時(shí)候大家的短期利益是有差異的，這是不容置疑的，保護(hù)主義就是一個(gè)經(jīng)典的例子。你可能會(huì)想：如果你保護(hù)你的本國市場不被懲罰，而別的國家都不實(shí)施保護(hù)主義，你在短期就會(huì)有切近的利益。所以，我要向大家解釋為什么保護(hù)主義從長期來看，對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和生產(chǎn)力有負(fù)作用，這很重要。但同時(shí)，在美國國內(nèi)我們也要實(shí)行某些政策，為那些由于全球化而遭遇損失的人們建立經(jīng)濟(jì)的保障與過渡，這也非常重要。我覺得這是每一個(gè)政府都需要考慮的。   

There are individuals who will be harmed by a trade deal.  There are businesses who will go out of business because of free trade.  And to the extent that a government is not there to help them reshape their company or retrain for the new jobs that are being created, over time you're going to get people who see -- who rightly see their personal self-interest in very narrow terms.  Okay?

 
會(huì)有人因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)貿(mào)易協(xié)定而遭受損失，會(huì)有公司因?yàn)樽杂少Q(mào)易而關(guān)門破產(chǎn)。政府如果不在這種情況下幫助這些企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型，幫助他們找到新的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，長此以往，就會(huì)讓這些人陷入只顧自身利益的狹隘當(dāng)中（而一葉障目不見泰山）。不是嗎？