2015年職稱英語(yǔ)考試衛(wèi)生類A級(jí)閱讀復(fù)習(xí)(6)

2015年職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類A級(jí)閱讀復(fù)習(xí)

　　Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores

　　(新增)運(yùn)動(dòng)的年輕人智商更高

　　Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ and are more _likely_ to go on to university， reveals a major new study carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hospital.

　　The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). The study involved 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were born between 1950 and 1976. The research group analyzed the results of both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took after they started serving the army. The study shows a clear link _between_ good physical fitness and better results for the IQ test. The strongest links are for _ logical_ thinking and verbal comprehension. But it is only fitness that plays a _role_ in the results for the IQ test,and not strength. “Being fit means that you also have good heart and lung capacity_ and that your brain gets plenty of _oxygen ，” says Michael Nilsson, professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital. “This may be one of the reasons why_ we can see a clear link with fitness, but not with muscular _strength_. We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important. ”

　　By analyzing data for twins, the researchers have been _able_ to determine that it is primarily environmental factors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and a _higher IQ.

　　“We have also shown that those youngsters who _improve_ their physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance,” says Maria Aberg, researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre. “This being the case6, physical _education_ is a subject that has an important place in schools, and is an absolute must if we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects.”

　　The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests _during national service with the socio-economic status of the men later in life. Those who were fit at 18 were more likely to go into higher education, and many secured more qualified jobs.

　　瑞典哥德堡大學(xué)健康科學(xué)研究院和該校校醫(yī)院的一項(xiàng)最新研究表明，身體健康的年輕人智商更高，進(jìn)人大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的可能性也更高。

　　研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)上。這項(xiàng)研究的取樣樣本是1950―1976年人伍的120萬新兵。這些新兵們報(bào)到時(shí)接受了體能測(cè)試和智能測(cè)試，研究人員對(duì)這兩類測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了分析。研究表明，健康的體能和優(yōu)秀的智能測(cè)試結(jié)果之間的聯(lián)系很明顯。最突出的就是科學(xué)思維和語(yǔ)言理解能力與身體健康有關(guān)。但是智商測(cè)試結(jié)果中只是健康在起作用，而與力量無關(guān)?！吧眢w健康是指，一個(gè)人心肺功能好，能將充足的氧氣源源不斷地輸入給大腦，”瑞典哥德堡大學(xué)健康科學(xué)研究院教授和哥德堡大學(xué)健康科學(xué)研究院校醫(yī)院首席內(nèi)科醫(yī)師邁克爾•尼爾森如是說，“也許這就是為什么智商測(cè)試結(jié)果與健康之間存在明顯聯(lián)系，而與肌肉力量無關(guān)的原因之一。我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)生長(zhǎng)因子也很重要?！?/P>

　　通過研究雙胞胎的數(shù)據(jù)，研究人員可以得出結(jié)論，智商差異來自后天的環(huán)境因素而不是先天的基因,身體越健康，智商越高。

　　“ 我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)，在15 ~ 18歲之間加強(qiáng)身體鍛煉的青少年往往認(rèn)知能力也較強(qiáng)哥德堡大學(xué)健康科學(xué)研究院研究員，Aby健康中心醫(yī)師瑪利亞•阿伯格說，“倘若情況果然如此，那么體育應(yīng)成為學(xué)校中重要的一門學(xué)科，而且如果我們想要學(xué)好數(shù)學(xué)和其他理論學(xué)科，體育課是非常有必要的研究人員還將新兵服兵役入伍報(bào)到時(shí)的體格測(cè)試和智商測(cè)試的結(jié)果與他們后來生活中的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)地位進(jìn)行了比較。那些18歲時(shí)身體健康的人學(xué)歷更篼，很多都能勝任高要求的工作。