2014年職稱英語(理工類)教材閱讀理解文章及譯文14

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　　Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers

　　A concept car developed by Japanese company Nissan has a breathalyzer-like detection system and other instruments that could help keep drunk or over tired drivers off the road.

　　The car’s sensors check odors inside the car and monitor a driver’s sweat for traces of alcohol.An in-car computer system can issue an alert or even lock up the ignition system if the driver seems over-the-limit.The air odor sensors are fixed firmly and deeply in the driver and passenger seats,while a detector in the gear-shift knob measures perspiration from the driver’s palm.

　　Other carmakers have developed similar detection systems. For example,Sweden’s Volvo has developed a breathalyzer attached to a car’s seat belt that drivers must blow into before the engine will start.

　　Nissan’s new concept vehicle also includes a dashboard-mounted camera that tracks a drivers alertness by monitoring their eyes.It will sound an alarm and issue a spoken warning in Japanese or English if it judges that the driver needs to pull over and rest.

　　The car technology is still in development,but general manager Kazuhiro Doi says the combination of different detection systems should improve the overall effectiveness of the technology. "For example,if the gear-shift sensor was bypassed by a passenger using it instead of the driver,the facial recognition system would still be used," Doi says.Nissan has no specific timetable for marketing the system,but aims to use technology to cut the number of fatalities involving its vehicles to half 1995 levels by 2015.

　　The car’s seat belt can also tighten if drowsiness is detected,while an external camera checks that the car is keeping to its lane properly. However,Doi admits that some of the technology,such as the alcohol odor sensor,should be improved."If you drink one beer,it’s going to register,so we need to study what’s the appropriate level for the system to activate," he says.

　　In the UK,some research groups are using similar advanced techniques to understand driver behavior and the effectiveness of different road designs.

　　詞匯：

　　breathalyzer 呼氣酒精檢測器 alertness 警惕

　　sensor 傳感器 bypass 繞過

　　odor 氣味 facial 面部的

　　alert 警惕的 fatality 事故死亡

　　ignition 點火 tighten 變緊，綁緊

　　gear-shift knob 換檔把手 drowsiness 昏昏欲睡

　　perspiration 出汗 activate 使活動，使激活

　　dashboard 儀表板;擋泥板

　　注釋：

　　1.Japanese company Nissan：日本日產公司

　　2.Sweden's Volvo：瑞典的沃爾沃公司

　　3.pull over and rest：開到路邊休息

　　4.UK：大不列顛和北愛爾蘭聯(lián)合王國(United Kingdom)。United Kingdom的縮寫：聯(lián)合王國，英國。

　　練習：

　　1. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the Japanese concept care

　　A It has a sensor system that could issue a warning if the driver is drunk.

　　B It has sensors that detect traces of alcohol inside the car.

　　C It has sensors locked up in the ignition system.

　　D It has a breathalyzer-like detection system.

　　2. What has Volvo developed?

　　A The same detection system mentioned in the previous paragraph.

　　B A breathalyzer attached to a car’s seat belt.

　　C A smart car seat belt.

　　D An intelligent engine.

　　3. What is the function of the camera mentioned in Paragraph 4?

　　A It monitors the driver’s eyes to see if he needs a rest.

　　B It judges if the driver wants to pull over.

　　C It judges if the driver wants to take a rest.

　　D It issues an alarm when the driver speaks.

　　4. According to Doi,

　　A the overall effectiveness of the detection technology has improved.

　　B Nissan is making a timetable to market the detection system.

　　C it is impossible to improve the overall effectiveness of the detection system.

　　D Nissan aims to improve the detection technology to reduce the fatality rate.

　　5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 6?

　　A An external camera checks that the car is going properly.

　　B The car will automatically keep to its lane.

　　C The seat belt will tighten when the driver is found drowsy.

　　D The technology of the alcohol odor sensor should be improved.

　　解析：

　　1. C 選項A、B、D所述內容都可在短文的第一、第二段中找到。第二段最后一個句子告訴我們，傳感器裝在司機和乘客的座椅里，而不是在點火系統(tǒng)里，所以選擇C。

　　2. B 短文第三段告訴我們，沃爾沃公司也發(fā)明了一種相類似的酒精檢測裝置，安裝在保險帶上。所以B是正確選擇。

　　3. A 第四段描寫了安裝在概念車儀表板上的照相機的功能。相機跟蹤司機的眼睛的活動從而監(jiān)測司機是否保持清醒狀態(tài)，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)司機需要停車休息，便用英語或日語發(fā)出警告。所以除A以外，其他選擇都不正確。

　　4. D 短文第五段說，這種監(jiān)測技術仍然在發(fā)展之中，使用不同的監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)應能改進這項技術的整體有效性，所以A和C都不是正確選擇。該段的最后一句說，日產公司并不準備將這種監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)推向市場，但它的目標是使用這種技術到2015年將日產車的事故率年減少到 1995年的一半。所以B也不是正確選擇，只有D表達了Doi的意思。

　　5. B 選項A、C、D在短文第六段都能找到，但是卻找不到選項B所表達的意思

　　譯文：日本用來監(jiān)視醉酒司機的新型概念車

　　日本日產公司日前開發(fā)了一種新型概念車，這種車含有呼氣酒精檢測器和其他一些裝置，用來防止那些醉酒和過于疲勞的司機上路駕駛。

　　車上的傳感器能檢測出車中的酒氣，并通過監(jiān)測司機身上的汗味探知酒精度。車中的電腦系統(tǒng)能報警，甚至還能在司機超速行駛時鎖住引擎。這個氣味傳感器被牢牢固定在駕駛員和乘客的座位上。另一個探測器裝在車的換檔把手上，用來測試司機的掌心的汗液。

　　其他的汽車制造商們也開發(fā)了類似的探測系統(tǒng)。比如，瑞典的沃爾沃在汽車的安全帶上安裝了很多呼氣酒精檢測器，司機在開車前必須向里吹氣。

　　這種新型概念車還在儀表盤上裝有照相機，通過監(jiān)測駕駛員的雙眼探知其清醒程度。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)司機需要停車休息，便用英語或日語發(fā)出警告。

　　汽車監(jiān)測技術仍在發(fā)展，總裁Kazuhiro Doi指出：綜合多種探測技術將對整體技術水平的提高更為有利。例如，若是換檔裝置探測器被乘客代用，面部識別技術仍能受用。日產公司并沒有明確將此項技術推向市場的時間，只是試圖借助此項技術在2015年把死亡率降到1995年的一半。

　　如若探知司機昏昏欲睡，安全帶會自動收緊，外部照相機也會檢查汽車是否偏離路線。盡管如此，Doi承認有一些技術，如氣味傳感器仍有待改進。因為對很多人來說，往往只喝―口都會被檢測出來。為避免這類事件的發(fā)生，必須研究激活系統(tǒng)的最低限度。

　　在英國，一些組織正在運用類似的先進技術來研究司機的行為和路標設置的有效性。

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