銆€銆€榛�(di菐n)鎿婇€�(j矛n)鍏ワ細2014骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾�(y菙)(鐞嗗伐椤�)鏁欐潗瑁�(b菙)鍏ㄧ煭鏂囨枃绔犲尟绺�銆€

銆€銆€Sleeping Giant

銆€銆€Right now, an eruption is brewing in Yellowstone National Park. Sometime during the next two hours, the park's most famous geyser, Old Faithful, will begin gurgling boiling water and steam. ____1____

銆€銆€Old Faithful is not only a spectacular sight; it's also a constant reminder that Yellowstone sits on one of the largest volcanoes in the world. If you've never heard of Yellowstone's volcano, you鈥檙e not alone. ____2____ Yet it has erupted three times during the last 2 million years. And one of those eruptions spewed enough volcanic ash and other debris to blanket half the United States.

銆€銆€Yellowstone's volcano is sometimes called a "supervolcano鈥� or extremely large and explosive caldera volcano. ____3____ This supervolcano formed over a hot spot, an extremely hot area in Earth's mantle. John Valley, a volcano professor, said that as the crust moves across a hot spot, the hot spot melts a section of the plate moving over it, forming "one volcano after another.鈥�

銆€銆€The Yellowstone hot spot melts thick continental crust, which may cause catastrophic eruptions. According to experts the eruptions that created each of the three calderas in and around Yellowstone National Park were larger than any other volcanic eruption in recorded history. The most recent eruption, which happened 640,000 years ago, produced at least 1, 000 cubic kilometers of ash and debris, which blanketed most of the western half of the United States. ____4____

銆€銆€Geological evidence shows Yellowstone has blown its stack every 700,000 years or so.1 鈥淚f nature were truly that regular and reliable, we would be due for another eruption soon,2鈥� said Valley. "However, these processes are subject to variability, so we don't really know when the next eruption will happen.鈥�

銆€銆€____5____It is the volcanic energy that powers the geysers and hot springs, creates the mountains and canyons, and generates the unique ecosystems that support Yellowstone's diverse wildlife3.

銆€銆€瑭炲尟锛�

銆€銆€brew 閱為噣

銆€銆€Yellowstone National Park榛冪煶鍦�(gu贸)瀹跺叕鍦�

銆€銆€geyser 闁撴瓏娉� gurgle 姹╂暴鍦版祦 spew 鍣存秾

銆€銆€caldera 鐏北鍙ｆ醇鍦� crust 鍦版

銆€銆€mantle 鍦板箶 continental 澶ч櫢鐨�

銆€銆€catastrophic 鐏�(z膩i)闆ｇ殑 variability 鍙畩鎬� canyon 宄借胺

銆€銆€娉ㄩ噵锛�

銆€銆€1.every 700,000 years or so锛氭瘡70钀�(w脿n)骞村乏鍙�

銆€銆€2.If nature were truly that regular and reliable, we would be due for another eruption soon锛氬鏋滆嚜鐒剁晫鐪熺殑濡傛鏈夎(gu墨)寰�锛屽姝ゅ彲闈�锛岄偅涔�锛屾垜鍊戝皣寰堝揩闈㈣嚚鍙︿竴娆＄伀灞卞櫞鐧�(f膩)銆傞€欐槸涓€鍊�(g猫)铏涙摤鍙ャ€傛敞鎰忥細寰炲彞涓殑鍕�(d貌ng)瑭炵敤浜唚ere锛岃€屼笉鏄痠s鎴杦as锛屼富鍙ヤ腑鐨勫嫊(d貌ng)瑭炵敤浜唚ould be锛岃€屼笉鏄痺ill be銆�

銆€銆€3.It is the volcanic energy that powers the geysers and hot springs, creates the mountains and canyons, and generates the unique ecosystems that support Yellowstone鈥檚 diverse wildlife锛氶€欐槸涓€鍙ョ敤浜唅t is ... that ...绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勫挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)鍙ャ€傝寮�(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹规斁鍦╥t is鍜宼hat涔嬮枔銆傛湰鍙ヨ寮�(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)鐨勬槸the volcanic energy銆傝寮�(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)鍓嶇殑鍙ュ瓙鎳�(y墨ng)瑭叉槸锛歍he volcanic energy powers the geysers and hot springs, creates the mountains and canyons, and generates the unique ecosystems that support Yellowstone's diverse wildlife.

銆€銆€绶寸繏(x铆)锛�

銆€銆€A銆€Three calderas make up more than a third of Yellowstone National Park.

銆€銆€B銆€The first Yellowstone eruption, 2 million years ago, released more than double that amount of ash and debris.

銆€銆€C銆€The volcano is so inconspicuous(涓嶉’鐪肩殑)that few people know it exists.

銆€銆€D銆€Then, an enormous fountain will shoot high into the air.

銆€銆€E銆€While the active geological processes at Yellowstone do pose some risk to the public, they also make it a unique treasure.

銆€銆€F銆€Yellowstone National Park attracts the interest of geologists the world over.

銆€銆€绛旀鑸囬瑙ｏ細

銆€銆€1.D銆€绗竴娈电浜屽彞瑾�(shu艒)锛屽湪闅ㄥ悗鐨勫叐鍊�(g猫)灏忔檪(sh铆)鐨勬煇涓€鏅�(sh铆)鍒�锛岄枔姝囨硥鏈�(hu矛)娑屽嚭娌告按鍜岃捀姹姐€傚悗绾�(x霉)鍙ユ噳(y墨ng)瑭叉槸閬搁爡(xi脿ng)D銆俠oiling water璁婃垚fountain, shoot high into the air銆�

銆€銆€2.C銆€绗簩娈电浜屽彞瑾�(shu艒)锛屽鏋滀綘涓嶇煡閬撻粌鐭冲叕鍦掔殑涓嬮潰鏄伀灞�锛屾矑(m茅i)鏈夐棞(gu膩n)绯伙紝寰堝浜洪兘涓嶇煡閬�銆傜偤浠€涔堟渻(hu矛)濡傛鍛�?C閬撳嚭浜嗗師鍥�锛屾墍浠ユ槸绛旀銆�

銆€銆€3.A銆€绗笁娈电涓€鍙ヨ(shu艒)榛冪煶鍏湌鐨勭伀灞眅xtremely large锛屾墍浠ユ湁鏅�(sh铆)鍊欒绋辩偤supervolcano銆傞伕闋�(xi脿ng)A鐨勫彞瀛愬叿楂旇(shu艒)鏄庨€欏€�(g猫)supervolcano澶у埌浠€涔堢▼搴�锛屾墍浠ユ槸绛旀銆�

銆€銆€4.B銆€鍦ㄩ伕闋�(xi脿ng)B鐨刴ore than double that amount of ash and debris閫欏€�(g猫)鐭獮(y菙)涓�锛屾湁闂�(gu膩n)閸佃double that amount锛岃(shu艒)鏄庡墠闈㈠彞瀛愪竴瀹氭湁涓€鍊�(g猫)鏁�(sh霉)瀛椼€傛鏌ュ悗锛岀櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)閫欏€�(g猫)鏁�(sh霉)瀛楁槸鈥�1,000 cubic kilometers of ash and debris鈥�锛屽彲浠ユ柗瀹�锛岄伕闋�(xi脿ng)B鐨勫彞瀛愬氨鏄鏀惧洖鍘熶綅鐨勫彞瀛�銆�

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銆€銆€璀枃锛氭矇鐫＄殑宸ㄤ汉

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銆€銆€2014骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾�(y菙)鑰冨墠寰�(f霉)缈�(x铆)蹇呰畝鏀荤暐      2014骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾�(y菙)鑰佸斧杓斿皫(d菐o)杓曟澗閫氶棞(gu膩n)

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