2014年職稱英語(理工類)教材閱讀判斷文章及譯文1

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　　Inventor of LED

　　When Nick Holonyak set out to create a new kind of visible lighting using semiconductor alloys, his colleagues thought he was unrealistic. Today, his discovery of light-emitting diodes or1 LEDs, are used in everything from DVDs to alarm clocks to airports. Dozens of his students have continued his work, developing lighting used in traffic lights and other everyday technology.

　　On April 23, 2004, Holonyak received the $500,000 Lemelson-MIT Prize at a ceremony in Washington. This marks the 10th year that the Lemelson-MIT Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)has given the award to prominent inventors.

　　"Anytime you get an award, big or little2, it's always a surprise," Holonyak said.

　　Holonyak, 75, was a student of John Bardeen, an inventor of the transistor, in the early 1950s. After graduate school3, Holonyak worked at Bell Labs. He later went to General Electric4, where he invented a switch now widely used in house dimmer switches5.

　　Later, Holonyak started looking into how semiconductors could be used to generate light. But while his colleagues were looking at how to generate invisible light, be wanted to generate visible light. The LEDs he invented in 1962 now last about 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs, and are more environmentally friendly and cost effective.

　　Holonyak, now a professor of electrical and computer engineering and physics at the University of Illinois, said he suspected that LEDs would become as commonplace as they are today. But didn't realize how many uses they would have.

　　"You don't know in the beginning. You think you're doing something important, you think it's worth doing, but you really can't tell what the big payoff is going to be, and when, and how. You just don't know," he said.

　　The Lemelson-MIT Program also recognized Edith Flanigen, 75, with the $100,000 Lemelson- MIT Lifetime Achievement Award for her work on a new generation of "molecular sieves" that can separate molecules by size.

　　詞匯：

　　semiconductor / ?sem?k?n’d?kt?(r) /n.半導(dǎo)體

　　alloy / ’?l??, ?’l??/ n.合金

　　emit / ?’m?t / v.發(fā)射，發(fā)出

　　diode / ’da???d/n.二極管

　　dim / d?m / adj.燈光昏暗的

　　incandescent / ,?nk?n’desnt / adj.白熾的

　　bulb / b?lb /n.燈泡

　　commonplace / ’k?m?nple?s / adj.普通的

　　molecular / m?(?)’lekj?l?(r) / adj.分子的

　　sieve / s?v / n.篩

　　注釋：

　　1.or：即

　　2.big or little：不論是大還是小

　　3.after graduate school：從研究生院畢業(yè)之后

　　4.General Electric ：通用電氣公司

　　5.house dimmer switches：家用減光開關(guān)

　　練習(xí)：

　　1.Holonyak's colleagues thought he would fail in his research on LEDs at the time when he started it.