2010年職稱英語理工類概括大意練習(xí)(7)

　　The Mir Space Station

　　The Russian Mir Space Station, which came down in 2001 at last after 15 years of pioneering the concept of long-term human space flight, is remembered for its accomplishments in the human space flight history. It can be credited with many firsts in space.

　　During Mir's lifetime, Russia spent about US$4.2 billion to build and maintain the station.

　　The Soviet Union launched Mir, which was designed to last from three to five years, on February 20, 1986, and housed 104 astronauts over 12 years and seven months, most of whom were not Russian. In fact, it became the first international space station by playing host to 62 people from 11 countries. From 1995 through 1998, seven astronauts from the United States took turns living on Mir for up to six months each. They were among the 37 Americans who visited the station during nine stopovers by space shuttles.

　　The more than 400 million the United States provided Russian for the visits not only kept Mir operating, but also gave the Americans and their partners in the international station project valuable experience in long-term flight and multinational operations.

　　A debate continues over Mir's contributions to science. During its existence, Mir was the laboratory for 23,000 experiments and carried scientific equipment, estimated to be worth $80 million, from many nations. Experiments on Mir are credited with a range of findings, from the first solid measurement of the ration of heavy helium atoms in space to how to grow wheat in space. But for those favoring human space exploration, Mir showed that people could live and work in space long enough for a trip to Mars. The longest single stay in space is the 437.7 days that Russian astronaut Valery Polyakov spent on Mir from 1994 to 1995. And Sergie Avdeyev accumulated 747.6 days in space in three trips to the space station. The longest American stay was that of Shannon Lucid, who spent 188 days aboard Mir in 1996.

　　Despite the many firsts Mir accomplished, 1997 was a bad year out of 15 for Mir. In 1997, an oxygen generator caught fire. Later, the main computer system broke down, causing the station to drift several times and there were power failures. ( 職稱英語考試網(wǎng) www.yingyukaoshi.com )

　　Most of these problems were repaired, with American help and suppliers, but Mir's reputation as a space station was ruined.

　　Mir's setbacks are nothing, though, when we compare them with its accomplishments. Mir was a tremendous success, which will be remembered as a milestone in space exploration and the space station that showed long-term human habitation in space was possible. But it's time to move on to the next generation. The International Space Station being built will be better, but it owes a great debt to Mir.

　　1. Paragraph 4

　　2. Paragraph 5

　　3. Paragraph 6

　　4. Paragraph 8

　　A Rewards following the U.S. financial injection

　　B Mir's firsts in scientific experiments and space exploration

　　C Undeniable Mir's achievements

　　D Mir regarded as a complete failure

　　E Mir's problem year

　　F A great debt owned to the International Space Station

　　5. Mir enhanced the confidence in the scientists that humans living in space for a long time was ..........

　　6. In Mir, the U.S. astronauts created ..........

　　7. When we think of Mir in terms of its achievements, its setbacks are ..........

　　8. The writer tends to think that Mir was ..........

　　A everything.

　　B nothing.

　　C a tremendous failure.

　　D quite possible.

　　E many firsts.

　　F a great success.

　　1. A 該段只有一句話。而該句話的主語就是“貨幣投入-- more than 400 million”，而與該主語相呼應(yīng)的只有A(美國資金投入的回報(bào))，這樣沒有讀句子就直接確認(rèn)答案了。實(shí)際上該句談到：美國的經(jīng)濟(jì)支持不僅使和平號(hào)空間站的航行得以繼續(xù)，而且使美國及其他國家的宇航員取得了在宇宙空間長(zhǎng)時(shí)間航行和多國合作的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

　　2. B 該段一開始(段首句)就提到了“和平號(hào)”的貢獻(xiàn)問題。而在該段中列舉了和平號(hào)空間站取得的一些“第一”和“之最”。對(duì)比備選項(xiàng)，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)B(和平號(hào)在科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)和太空探索上所取得的“第一”)是合適的答案。

　　3. E 該段的句子不復(fù)雜，我們不難在該段段首句發(fā)現(xiàn)“a bad year”，并在段末發(fā)現(xiàn)“failures”這樣的字眼，對(duì)比備選項(xiàng)不難確認(rèn)E(和平號(hào)遇到不少麻煩的一年)是正確的。

　　4. C 第8段是文章的最后一段。我們不難在該段的段首句(和平號(hào)出現(xiàn)的問題與其取得的成就相比是微不足道的)和段尾句(正在興建的國際太空站將會(huì)更好，但是這一成就很大程度上歸功于和平號(hào))讀出作者對(duì)和平號(hào)空間站積極的評(píng)價(jià)。

　　5. D 從語法上說除了E以外，其他的選項(xiàng)都可以。該句的前面部分說“和平號(hào)增加了人們的信念，使人們相信人類在太空長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的生活是。?！?，從搭配語意上看D(很可能的)合適。

　　6. E 從語法上說剩下的被選項(xiàng)都合適。該句的前句說“在和平號(hào)上，美國宇航員創(chuàng)造了。?！?，從搭配語意上看E(許多“第一”)合適。

　　7. B 該句的前面部分說“當(dāng)我們考慮到和平號(hào)的成就，它的缺點(diǎn)是。。”，從搭配語意上看B(算不了什么)合適。

　　8. F 該句前面部分說“作者認(rèn)為和平號(hào)是。。?！?。實(shí)際上我們?cè)跒槲恼伦詈笠欢芜x小標(biāo)題時(shí)已經(jīng)注意到作者對(duì)和平號(hào)的積極的評(píng)價(jià)。所以選擇答案F(一個(gè)巨大的成功)。

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